![]() The customer may identify benefits associated with a more expensive option that make it the more attractive over all (e.g., more » reduced construction lead times, modularity, environmental benefits, spinning reserve, etc.). It is important to realize that while minimizing cost is important, the customer will not always purchase the least expensive technology. An analysis of this type indicates whether paying a high initial capital cost for a technology with low O M costs is more or less economical on a lifetime basis than purchasing a technology with a low initial capital cost and high O M costs. By considering all the costs associated with each technology over its respective lifetime, the technology that is most economical to operate over any given period of time can be determined. The LCC comparison involved normalizing source estimates to a standard set of assumptions and preparing a lifetime cost scenario for each technology, including the initial capital cost, replacement costs, operating and maintenance (O M) costs, auxiliary energy costs, costs due to system inefficiencies, the cost of energy stored, and salvage costs or credits. To develop an equitable economic comparison, the technologies were evaluated on a life-cycle cost (LCC) basis. This report presents a comparison of battery and fuel cell economics for ten different technologies.
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